Resolution No. 79-NQ/TW, issued by the Politburo on January 6, 2026, regarding the development of the state economy, is regarded as a landmark document reflecting a powerful breakthrough in the Party's thinking and action towards this particularly important economic sector.
- Repositioning the Leading Role of the State Economy in the New Era
The Resolution continues to affirm that the state economy holds the leading role, while adding new nuances suitable for the current practical context.
- Macro-regulatory tool: Beyond the production and business sector, the state economy is identified as a vital resource for the State to influence and intervene timely to meet sudden and urgent requirements, while proactively responding to external "shocks" such as pandemics or geopolitics.
- Pioneering and guiding force: The Resolution positions the state economy as the vanguard force that opens the way, promotes industrialization and modernization, and establishes a new growth model based on science, technology, and digital transformation.
- A Powerful Breakthrough in Management Thinking
One of the most prominent highlights of Resolution 79 is the fundamental shift in governance thinking from "administrative management" to "developmental facilitation".
- Separation of functions: The Resolution requires a clear separation between using state resources for providing public services and performing political missions versus purely business activities.
- Modern supervision mechanism: There is a strong shift from "pre-audit" (prior inspection) to "post-audit" (subsequent inspection) based on risk management principles. This helps minimize direct administrative interference and creates a creative and flexible space for enterprises.
- Protecting officials: A sufficiently strong mechanism is to be established to protect officials who "dare to think, dare to do, and dare to take responsibility" for the common good, clearly distinguishing between objective errors and intentional legal violations.
- The Ambition to Build International-Scale "Leading Cranes"
The Resolution sets ambitious quantitative goals for 2030 and a vision for 2045 to affirm Vietnam's competitiveness on the global economic map:
- State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs): Efforts will be made to have 50 enterprises in the top 500 largest in Southeast Asia and 01 - 03 enterprises in the Fortune Global 500 by 2030. By 2045, this number is expected to increase to 05 enterprises.
- Credit institutions: The aim is to have at least 03 state commercial banks among the top 100 largest banks in Asia by total assets.
- Modern governance: 100% of state corporations and groups must apply OECD governance principles and implement management on digital platforms.
- Completely Resolving Institutional "Bottlenecks"
The Resolution frankly acknowledges limitations regarding asset management, resource waste, and the suboptimal performance of SOEs in recent times. To address these, the Politburo requires:
- Equality before the law: The state economy must be equal to other economic sectors, cooperating and competing healthily.
- Marketization of resources: Resources such as land, minerals, and digital assets must be fully accounted for according to market principles. The Resolution sets a goal to complete the digitization of land data nationwide by the end of 2026.
- Breakthrough financial mechanism: Enterprises are permitted to use all proceeds from equitization and divestment for reinvestment and charter capital increases to enhance their financial capacity.
Resolution 79-NQ/TW is not merely a directive document but a "strategic boost". It opens a legal corridor to release resources that are currently "frozen," while simultaneously creating motivation for the state economy to truly become a solid foundation ensuring the autonomy and resilience of the national economy. The effective implementation of this Resolution will be a prerequisite for Vietnam to successfully achieve the goal of becoming a developed country by 2045.